სხვადასხვა მიკროორგანიზმების მიერ გენმოდიფიცირებული სოიოს რეკომბინანტული დნმ-ის უტილიზაციის შედარებითი ანალიზი

A genetically modified organism (gmo) is any organism whose genetical material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques. With modern approaches it is possible to overcome natural barriers (physiological, reproductive, recombinant). The methods used for genetically modified organisms are: genetically direct injection, bombardment with micro particles, use of pathogenic microorganisms as a vectors and etc. The number of Genetically modified organisms and their consumption annually increases worldwide, GMO organisms are widely used in food production, animal feed, pharmacology and other important fields.
Glyphosate tolerant soybean is the most widely distributed among GM crops that was created by "Monsanto" in 1995, and nowadays it holds 94% from total soy bean what is harvested in US. The US is the largest importer in the world of soy bean. The Georgian market is filled with food and animal feed which containing GM soybean. Because the Georgian legislation does not regulate the management of GMO waste, It permanently spreads in the environment.
The GMO waste in the environment is a recombinant DNA source which is a potential threat to the horizontal gene transfer. There is little information on the recombinant DNA degradation by terrestrial microorganisms.