პოლისემიური არსებითი სახელების უნივერსალური მოდელები თანამედროვე ინგლისურსა და ქართულ ენებში და მათი სწავლების ზოგიერთი ასპექტი

This paper explores one of the most important and intriguing aspects of lexical meaning namely, polysemy and the universal models of polysemy. Through comparative analysis in English and Georgian Languages, I investigated universal models of polysemous nouns. The study is based on universal models of polysemy described by T. Margalitadze (Margalitadze, 1982; 2006; 2020), namely the solar model of polysemous nouns. The research was carried out on the nouns of several thematic groups: the nouns denoting the parts of the body, the nouns of facial parts and the nouns denoting internal organs. The study was conducted using the following methods: analysis of dictionary definitions (definitional method of analysis), contextual analysis and the corpus research method. The results of the comparative study are presented on the examples of the following nouns: head, mouth, hand, eye and heart. The research proved that the solar model is one of the universal models of nouns in English and Georgian language as well, furthermore, two sub types of the model were identified: classical solar model and long-ray solar model. The analysis of each word is followed by a graphic illustration of the word in both languages. The study also presents a new method that I developed on how to teach polysemous nouns based on the models described. This method was developed based on a number of lessons conducted with high school students as well as elementary school students between 2016-2020. I designed a number of lesson plans and developed a video that will serve as a guide for interested teachers of English on how to use the method. A few lesson plans are also included in the appendix of this paper. The study verifies the advantages of the method offered by me over the traditional method of teaching lexis.