საპენსიო დაზღვევა საქართველოში - თანამედროვე გამოწვევები და სრულყოფის ძირითადი მიმართულებები

The thesis "Pension Insurance in Georgia - Modern Challenges and Main Directions of Improvement" its about a problem that is more relevant at the present stage - the current state of the Georgian pension system, challenges in this area, determining the level of public awareness and attitude towards reform. The thesis includes: an introduction, one main chapter with 4 subsections, a research section, a conclusion and a list of used literature. The first chapter of the paper is devoted to the study of the theoretical foundations and models of the pension insurance system. The history and trends in the development of international pension systems are reviewed. Insurance provision is generally considered as an economic category. Explains and characterizes the connection between the economic importance of insurance and the concepts of insurance, common and distinctive features between insurance and insurance provision. Describes the principle of social protection, which is based on the formation of income from citizens who are not at social risk, for individuals who have already faced a given risk. The same chapter discusses the advantages of the funded pension system in ensuring the issues mentioned above. The experience of different countries around the world is discussed, as well as examples of successful and unsuccessful practices in this field. The following section discusses the motives for implementing the pension system reform in Georgia, the expected and obtained results. The essence and details of the current scheme of the pension system in Georgia are described. Based on the data of the Pension Agency, statistical data and news for the period of preparation of the thesis are provided. The next subsection is devoted to the directions of improving the pension insurance system. The main key problems that are considered to be the main challenges of the pension system are discussed, for example, as a result of the pension reform the labor force becomes more expensive, in the conditions of de facto underdevelopment of the Georgian securities market there is a danger that investment resources will go abroad The need to introduce regulations, as proper oversight of pension assets is crucial, also requires the transparency and openness of the investment board, which will increase both the credibility factor and the efficiency of the system, citing the lack of choice as one of the challenges, and so on.
The next chapter of the thesis is devoted to the description of the research methodology. The research was conducted by quantitative method, a questionnaire was compiled and the answers were analyzed. The study interviewed more than 300 people, including people of different ages and genders, employed in public or private structures. As well as the self-employed. The study found that society has difficulty adapting to change, needs more information, more involvement as a motivating factor. It is necessary for the state to conduct more information campaigns based on regular surveys, to fix the openness of the risk insurance system, which will be a prerequisite for increasing trust in the pension agency and the fund against the background of the less developed social protection mechanism in the country. At the end of the paper, conclusions and recommendations are given for the improvement of the pension system in Georgia