საქართველოში განხორციელებული საკონსტიტუციო რეფორმა- გზა საპრეზიდენტო რესპუბლიკიდან საპარლამენტოსკენ

This master’s paper deals with the constitutional reform implemented in Georgia in 2013-2017, Its purpose and social function. Analysis of the Venice Commission conclusions and preliminary recommendations, peculiarities of the parliamentary and presidential model - positive and negative features and all this is set out in a comparative analysis of the powers of the head of the country and the old and new constitution editions. The paper’s main focus is emphasized on the President’s such rights and obligations, in which the essence of the 2013-2017 constitutional reforms is most clearly seen, that means characteristic features of the President in parliamentary governance, which is primarily expressed in his passive participation in government formulation and lawmaking (Veto, legislative initiative) issues, in the indirect election of the head of the country, political neutrality and defusing of political conflicts between state bodies. Parallels are given in the historical context, as well as with the Constitution of the Republic of Georgia of 21st February, 1921 with respect to those institutions, on which, while working on a constitutional project, there was an active discussion on the introduction or non-introduction of them, for instance, the president’s institute, contracts, etc. At first glance, the imprudent reader may be exaggerated by the appeal of the President’s authority, but it fully is in compliance with title of the work: “Constitutional reform implemented in Georgia - way from the presidential republic to the parliamentary”, since the president’s institute is analyzed in both contexts in both presidential and parliamentary governance, insofar as the President’s compulsory authorities are directly related to the role of the government in parliamentary governance. In addition, the reform of 2013 was not completed in terms of transition to parliamentary governance; accordingly, the final amendments to 2017 have further reduced the powers of the president, as it is developed in the parliamentary governance countries.