ქონების გადასახადი და მისი ადმინისტრირების მეთოდები

This summary briefly describes the topics related to the property and its taxation, which will be further discussed in the thesis.
Usually, when we mention property, it is mainly understood as the real estate, which is the subject of taxation and is owned by the individual, enterprise/organization, etc. However, land is also considered to be a type of a property, which consists of the following categories: agricultural areas, croplands, hayfields, ranchlands, homestead land, etc.
Location of the property, which is the subject of taxation, is determined in accordance with the legislation. Therefore, it should be defined who are those required to pay taxes. Based on the legislation, those who are liable to pay property taxes are the following: resident enterprise/organization on the assets registered as their main production means or as investment objectives; non-resident enterprise or individual, for the property they own on the Georgian territory.
After defining the term “property” and clarifying who is the one liable to pay property tax, it is important to explain how certain tax rate applies. For the enterprises and organizations, property tax rate per year consists of no more than 1 percent, however, in case of individuals, it is determined based on the income received by their family during one fiscal year. For example, if the income of the person liable to pay taxes, does not exceed 100000 Georgian Lari, rate consists of no less than 0.05 and no more than 0.02 percent; however, if the family income exceeds 100000 Georgian Lari, rate will be no less than 0.8 and no more than 1 percent. Moreover, it should be noted that land tax rate is determined according to the administrative and territorial units and is calculated based on each 1 hectare in Georgian Lari.
In order to move to the next important stage, which is paying taxes and submitting declaration, firstly, we need to clarify how property tax is calculated and paid, as well as what are the mandatory dates for performing these activities. Enterprise/organization submits property tax declaration and pays tax no later than 1st of April on each calendar year, however, in case of land, which is the subject of taxation – no later than 15th of November. In case of the individuals, property and land taxes should be covered no later than 15th of November of each calendar year. In addition to that, there are cases when tax payers, mentioned above, are released from taxes. Such cases include: family income of the individual is no more than 40000 Georgian Lari, biological asset, asset received through financial leasing from the Georgian resident, land which is attached to the medical institution, etc, which will be discussed further below in the text.
Due to the fact that property tax exists in every country, opinions about property tax hampering economic growth of the country have been emerged in the societies. Therefore, people started thinking that the same item, in this particular case – property, should not be subject of taxation multiple times. Such kind of action, from their perspective, cannot be perceived as correct, because it is the result of the work which has been done in the past, and thus, it is no longer step forward, but backwards instead.
And lastly, what are the methods used by the tax authorities against the individuals when dealing with the paying official tax debts and what are the sanctions, which will be imposed to them, will be further discussed in the thesis.