ტომას ელიოტი და რენესანსული ჰუმანიზმის ტრადიციათა გადაფასება ინგლისურენოვან მოდერნისტულ ლიტერატურაში

The revaluation of literary tendencies is one of the central impulses of 20th century Modernism and its subsequent cultural and literary development. The research topic of the presented doctoral thesis - "T. S. Eliot and the Revaluation of Renaissance Humanism Traditions in English Modernist Literature" - explores the phenomenon of revaluation in relation to the poetic work of T.S. Eliot, the most important Anglo-American poet and theoretician of literary Modernism.
The thesis sets several objectives, but ultimately aims at analyzing Eliot's poetry by contrasting it with the European tradition of Renaissance humanism and Renaissance literature. The doctoral research also attempts to fill the theoretical gap that perceives Modernism and T. S. Eliot's work as a reevaluation of solely previous aesthetic trends (like Realism and Victorian literature tendencies). In the thesis, this most important literary current of the 20th century, and more specifically, Eliot's work, is placed in a context of different centuries and worldviews, which is a novelty not only for the literary studies in Georgia, but also for the international scientific circles of Modernism and T.S. Eliot. Despite Eliot's individual contrasts with his literary predecessors, it is difficult to find significant amount of reputable scholarly literature and monographs that discuss his theoretical and poetic work in the context of a new understanding of European culture.
In order to clearly outline the revaluation tendency of Renaissance Humanism traditions in Eliot's poetry, the relationship of Eliot's poems and theoretical works with the three most integral authors of the Renaissance period is studied within the scope of the doctoral research. First direction involves exploring the poetic connection between T.S. Eliot and Dante Alighieri, one of the most important precursors of the early Renaissance. Dante's Divine Comedy is analyzed as the text of the universal poetic structure which provides the most valuable and functional metaphor for Eliot's so-called crisis-period aesthetics. At the next stage of the work, the purpose of Shakespearean allusions in different periods of Eliot's poetry is analyzed. Based on the analysis and study of Shakespeare's poetic and related theoretical works, different aspects of the revaluation tendency of Renaissance Humanism in Eliot's key poems are clearly presented. At the last stage of the research, John Donne's baroque aesthetics are contrasted with Eliot's poetic outlook. Within the framework of the doctoral study, the thesis also analyzes how and in what form is the tradition of the Metaphysical poetry reflected in Eliot’s poems. The specifics of the development of T.S. Eliot's poetry, which begins with the intensive use of allusions, structure and symbols taken from Dante's work, continues with a critical, but important attitude related to Shakespeare, and ends with the recognition of the "technical" achievements of the Metaphysical poets, which brings Eliot and his language into the modern context with its different influences of past literary traditions.