Ethnopsychological Problems and Their New Markers Among the Abkhazian Population

Military conflicts on the territory of Abkhazia in the 90-ies of the twentieth century were the logical continuation of the policy implemented by Russian Empire and then by the Soviet Union in this part of Georgia. The Russian policy managed to set against each other the population of Abkhazian territory and they created the grounds of this conflict mainly by falsification of historical facts, tendentious interpretation
and replication of extremely ethno-centrist ideas.
Modern anti-Georgian disposed Abkhazian and Russian scientists in their works try to negate the role of Georgian culture, statehood, traditional religion or Georgian Orthodox Church on Abkhazian territory. At the background of negation of everything Georgian they create new identity markers to support the special rights of Abkhazians as of a title nation. According to them modern Abkhazians are a part of the Hittites, they are the first Christians in the Caucasus, their role in the Caucasus was extremely great till Georgian state misappropriated Abkhazian royal heritage, till Georgian state made Georgian language the church language in Abkhazia etc. According to their statements Georgian „colonization“ of Abkhazia in the middle centuries was continued actively in the nineteenth century, when Georgians settled territories half-vacated after the muhajir mvement and the same processes took place in the twentieth century. Nowadays the attempts are carried out to establish a new marker for Abkhazian identity, this is a moral code - Apsuara. Abkhazian moral code „Apsuara“ (being an Abkhazian) is based on the virtues such as nobility, bravery, self-sacrifice, conscientiousness, respect to guests and elderly and others. This code distinguishes Abkhazians from other peoples. Intense demand to protect the principal virtues of Apsuara conditioned engagement of Abkhazians in the „patriotic war“ against Georgians.