Waves of Heat and Cold over the Territory of Georgia in Terms of Global Warming

Based on the observations of 12 meteorological stations, the statistical structure of heat and cold waves in Georgia has been investigated. The average continuous, total, and longest wavelengths, the probability of their realization, the distribution area, and the repeatability period are determined. The long-term course of the total duration of the waves of heat and cold is investigated. The rate of change, the coefficient of determination and the criterion for the statistical significance of changes were estimated. The average total duration of heat waves per year in Georgia ranges from 13-20 days, with a maximum on the Black Sea coast and in the mountains. The total duration of cold waves is 10-14 days, with a maximum on the Black Sea coast, in the Colchis Lowland and on the plains of Eastern Georgia. The greatest total duration of heat waves is 40-90 days, and the greatest total duration of cold waves is 20-50 days. The continuous duration of heat waves ranges from 6-11 days and averages over the territory of about 8 days, and the duration of cold waves ranges from 6-8 days and averages 7 days, which is in good agreement with the process of transformation of air masses.