იზორია, მაიამაიაიზორიაIzoria, MaiaMaiaIzoria2025-03-172025-03-172015https://openscience.ge/handle/1/8318Historical value of the St. George's Jruchi Monastery is inestimable for Georgian culture. Its name is associated with numerous ancientry recognized as masterpieces, which are kept in our country's museums, centers, collections and funds. In contrast to the history and paleographic heritage of the Monastery, about which we have enough data, its architecture has not yet been studied monographically. It has been only made the assumptions about the data of the Monastery establishments, and we haven't got exact date of it. After the construction, it has passed through a number of stages rehabilitation and reconstruction, as an initial period which, in the academic circles, is considered the eleventh century, and sometimes the end of the tenth century as well. The fact that the dome church erected in the first half of the sixteenth century, which had existence until earthquake, was not a first church in this area is confirmed by Marie Brosset, Dimitri Bakradze, Ekvtime Takaishvili and Giorgi Bochoridze. Vakhtang Beridze, who, like E. Takaishvili and G. Bochoridze, assumed to build a new church or even to reconstruct it completely on the ruins of the old one, is also in the way to think so. The fact that the previous volume was a three-boat basilica, is also reflected in the sixteenth century's church architecture. The first half of the sixteenth century is a period revival of the Monastery's spiritual life that is confirmed by numerous significant ancientry bringing from Ottomans to Samtskhe-Saatabago under the shelter of Jruchi Monastery, including St. George's holy relics. Presumably, these events conditioned the necessity of the constructing a new main church, especially since this tendency was observed throughout Georgia. Probably, that is why the church architecture is of a some "hurriedly" built structure. Selection of location of dome is not suitable for its design, as well as the quality of construction leaves much to be desired. In addition, the traces of redesign and repair are visible, as a result of which it is formed as a monument with a rather complex construction. The church designing is based on the common for West Georgia of those times the type of the free cross. The structure is erected on the specially -designed platform, against which it rests from the east. From the north and south it has the different platforms having the different heights, and transversely leant stone with stair treads. In the west it comes out to the ground surface. On the west-east axis, it is slightly lengthened, but its transverse arms are relatively shallow, Between them, there are places symmetrically the low rectangular tabernacles with a single inclination of roof. The dome is not placed in the middle on the fronton arms, but is moved at 3/4 to the east. The large-diameter dome neck is faceted and decalateral. Its upper ring taken out from the building is of a round shape. The dome neck is of a round-shape on the inside as well. The dome itself is of a cylinder shape, crowned with a steep roof. In the church space, the dome was resting on the pilasters of the altar side and on its middle arch firmament, as well as on the pilaster made on the western arch firmament. The entries were arranged from the west and from the south. The northern and southern arms of the church are two-storied with altar-chapels arranged inside it. On the north they were arranged only at the lower storey, upstairs- the hiding place and from the south, they were acting on the both levels. The dismemberment of the facades adorned with light facade brick is made moderately, decorated with the carved architraves , inscriptions and bold relief. When performing cleaning works in the church, there has been discovered as-yet unknown inscription (presumably of the ninth century) ripped off the facade wall. During the engineering-geological studies of foundation, as long the western part of the northern facade, below the ground, there was appeared the part of the wall with a preceding volume having a wide exedra. Despite destruction, there have been preserved the building and ktitorial inscriptions with accompanying relief. A large part of the facade decorations and relieves were survived after the earthquake. The limestone layers rained down a result of ground shaking, shed the light on the fragments of formerly existing painting as well. Despite fact that studies of the monument were complicated by the state if structures completely destoried by earthquake, archival materials of the last centuries (XIX-XX) written description or photographs taken at different times, as well as considerations given in the papers published, and this being the most important, due to collation of the analysis of the remains, it has become possible to make certain conclusions. One thing is obvious, historical value of the Monastery makes its architecture valuable as well. And the well-known historical incidents are associated particularly with the church existing before earthquake that makes even more important the building renovation.kaბაზილიკაგადაკეთებაგუმბათითავისუფალი ჯვარიBasilicaRemodelingDomeFree crosstext::journal::journal article10.48616/openscience-152